IL-27 has been shown to have both tumor promoting and suppressing functions. IL-27, with its diverse influences on immune\nresponses, has not been studied extensively in nonmelanoma skin cancers (NMSC), including Squamous and BasalCellCarcinomas\n(SCC and BCC), and its roles in tumor initiation, progression, and its probable use in NMSC treatment have yet to be unveiled. A\ncross-sectional analytical study was designed to investigate the serum levels of IL-27 in NMSC patients in comparison to normal\nindividuals. Levels of IL-27 in the sera of 60 NMSC patients along with 28 healthy controls weremeasured bymeans of quantitative\nenzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In this study we observed that IL-27 serumlevelswere significantly higher inNMSC\npatients in comparison to healthy individuals (0.0134 versus 0.0008 ng/ml; P<0.001). Furthermore, when subcategorized based on\npathological diagnosis, both BCC and SCC patients had higher levels of IL-27 in their sera compared to controls (P=0.002 and\nP=0.033; respectively). However, these levels were not different among SCC and BCC patients. According to our results, it seems\nthat IL-27 is involved in antitumor immune responses in NMSCs. On the other hand, these observationsmight be indicative of this\ncytokine involvement inNMSCtumorigenesis and progression.Therefore, administration of this cytokine for therapeutic purposes\nin patients with such conditions should be erred on the side of caution.
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